1) Very few kdramas get 2nd season. They are usually conceived as only single season series, so the production is only for single season, 16 episodes usually. Some are conceived as multi season, but it's very rare. The actors prefer to go to different projects after one concludes.
Multi season kdrama: The Arthdal Chronicles
Renewed second season dramas: Squid Game, Eulachacha Waikiki.
2) kura2ninja answered this.
3) Kdrama is totally different. Besides the format (usually single season 16 episodes) the biggest difference I find is:
- Kdrama is focused on human interaction, feelings, relationships.... while western is focused on the stage, action, flow.
So you notice this in how the camera is used, the difference in dialog, kdrama having a much more complicated dialog reflection, and camera being focused more on the characters than surroundings.
- Kdrama is not as dark as western media. I find western media very dark, grim, violent, always guns and actions and immature dialog revolving around violence. Kdrama is much more about vulnerabilities and humans being humans.